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                linux常用命令
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        <p><img src="http://img.blog.csdn.net/20161206234342055?watermark/2/text/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2cuY3Nkbi5uZXQvdHdpbGlnaHRfa2FybA==/font/5a6L5L2T/fontsize/400/fill/I0JBQkFCMA==/dissolve/70/gravity/SouthEast" alt="Linux"><br>Linux ：</p>
<p>1 打开shell显示的第一行 twilight @ twilight ~ $分为三部分，第一部分是@前代表当前的登录用户，@后面的是电脑的主机名 ，~是当前所在的位置，表示家目录,我的家目录是/home/twilight。$是普通用户的提示符，root用户是#、</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<p>2 用ls –lh查看当前目录下的文件的详细信息时第一列的内容：</p>
<p>-rw-r- -r–   第一个-表示文件类型（-表示普通类型、d表示目录、l表示软连接），后面九个字符分三个一组分别表示：文件所属者的权限、同组用户的权限、其他组用户的权限。-rw-r- -r- -也可以表示成644，Chmod 644 test.txt 表示把以上权限赋给test.txt文件。</p>
<p>3    mkdir +目录名称 表示创建一个分组，。但是mkdir a/b/会报错，因为这时候需要用到递归创建（mkdir -p），递归创建可以同时创建路径中的子目录和上层的目录。</p>
<p>4   pwd 显示当前所在目录</p>
<p>5     rm –rf 强制删除目录和文件，rm –rf mt/* 表示删除目录中的文件。</p>
<p>6     cp /路径/文件名 /路径/文件名    复制命令，</p>
<pre><code>-r 复制目录

-a 复制完全相同的文件，包括创建时间和权限
</code></pre><p>7  mv 剪切命令  （将文件剪切到源目录可以改文件名）</p>
<p>8     locate +文件名    按文件名搜索以该文件名开头的文件，不是完全匹配，在数据库中搜索，速度快，数据库位置 /var/lib/mlocate 该数据库一天一更新，但是可以用updatedb强制更新 </p>
<p>9 whereis 搜索命令的位置</p>
<pre><code>-b 只查找可执行文件

-m 只查找帮助文件
</code></pre><p>10  find + 文件名 （完全匹配）                      find / -name   filename按名称查找文件</p>
<pre><code>find / -inamefilename 不分大小写

find / -userusername 按所有者查找

find /-nouser 查找没有所有者的文件

find /-mtime+10 查找10天外的文件

（-mtime修改内容 -ctime修改属性 -atime 访问时间）

find / -size+25k 查找大于25k的文件

（25k小写，25M大写；）

find / -size+20k -a -size  -30k 查找大于20k小于30k文件

find / -size+20k -a -size -30k -exec ls -hl {} \;查找并输出

（exec+命令+ {} \; 对搜索结果操作）
</code></pre><p>11        grep 字符串 文件名    查找文件内容中的字符串，</p>
<pre><code>-i 忽略大小写 

-v排除字符串
</code></pre><p>12   man -f /whatis   +命令   查看命令级别和作用                 </p>
<p>13    man  -k/apropos     查看包含该命令名的命令</p>
<p>14               zip 压缩文件名 源文件        压缩文件</p>
<pre><code>zip -r 压缩文件名 源文件      压缩目录

unzip 文件名                                解压
</code></pre><p>15       gzip 源文件       压缩源文件消失</p>
<pre><code>gzip -r                            压缩目录下的文件

gzip -c 源文件 &gt; 压缩文件（源文件不消失 ）

(   &gt;  把命令结果写入指定文件  ）

gzip -d / gunzip   解压文件
</code></pre><p>16               bzip2 源文件    压缩（源文件消失）</p>
<pre><code>bzip2 -k 源文件 （保留源文件）

bzip -d/bunzip   解压
</code></pre><p>17               tar -cvf 打包文件名 源文件      打包</p>
<pre><code>tar -cvf 打包文件名                       解打包
</code></pre><p>18               tar -zcvf 压缩包名（tar .gz) 源文件            打包并压缩</p>
<pre><code>tar -zxvf 压缩包名（tar .gz) 源文件              解打包并解压

tar -jcvf压缩包名（tar .bz2) 源文件            打包并压缩

tar -jxvf 压缩包名（tar .bz2)  源文件      解打包并解压
</code></pre><p>19    shutdown    【选项】   时间</p>
<pre><code>（        -c  取消                         -h关机                   -r 重启  ）
</code></pre><p>28    mount  【-t    文件系统】 【-o   特殊选项】  设备文件名  挂载点</p>
<pre><code>mount -a      所有设备自动挂载
</code></pre><p>（  文件系统  ext3.   Ext4   .ios9600 ）</p>
<p>（  挂载点     已存在的空白目录           ）</p>
<p>29  挂载光盘：</p>
<pre><code>       1 mkdir    /mnt/cdrom/

       2mount     /dev/sr0   /mnt/cdrom（sr0是光驱代号）

卸载光盘：

       umount     /mnt/cdrom/    或者   /dev/sr0
</code></pre><p>30  挂载u盘  </p>
<pre><code>mount  -t vfat   /dev/sdb1  /mnt/usb          (vfat是fat32)
</code></pre><p>31   echo   内容 （当内容中有空格时 加”  “ ）</p>
<pre><code>-e          支持反斜杠的字符转换 
</code></pre><p>32         echo -e “\e[1;34m”                 开启颜色</p>
<pre><code>echo -e “\e[0m“            关闭颜色
</code></pre><p>（30 红 ，32绿，34蓝）</p>
<p>33     脚本（输出hello world）</p>
<p>#！/bin/bash                       （用bin/下的bash执行脚本）</p>
<p>echo “ abcd”</p>
<p>执行方式 ：</p>
<pre><code>1   bash   hello.sh

2   chmod 755 hello.sh

        ./hello.sh
</code></pre><p>34         alias                                 查看系统所有别名</p>
<pre><code>alias 别名=”原名” （临时生效，重启失效）

unalias                            临时删除别名

（将文件写入/.bashrc中重启永久生效）

（source   .bashrc 不重启直接生效）
</code></pre><p>35   输出重定向</p>
<p>正确命令：</p>
<p>1命令 &gt; 文件    命令结果输入到文件中（覆盖源文件）</p>
<p>2命令 &gt;&gt;文件     命令结果追加到文件中 （追加）</p>
<p>错误命令：</p>
<p>1命令 2&gt;文件     命令结果输入到文件中（覆盖源文件） （无空格）</p>
<p>2命令 2&gt;&gt;文件   命令结果追加到文件中 （追加）          （无空格）</p>
<p>正确&amp;错误：</p>
<p>1 命令  &gt;&gt; 文件 2&gt;&amp;1  </p>
<p>2 命令 &amp;&gt;&gt; 文件</p>
<p>3命令 &gt;&gt;文件1    2&gt;&gt;文件2    </p>
<p>36   多命令顺序执行</p>
<p>1     ;            命令1  ; 命令2              命令之间无关</p>
<p>2     &amp;&amp;           命令1 &amp;&amp;命令2          1正确执行2 ，1错误不执行2</p>
<p>3    ||            命令1 || 命令2          1错误执行2 ，1正确不执行2</p>
<p>37   管道符 </p>
<pre><code>命令1 | 命令2   （1的结果作为2 的对象）
</code></pre>
    

    
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I'm glad you use this theme, the development is no so easy, I hope you can keep the copyright, I will thank you so much.
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很高兴您使用并喜欢该主题，开发不易 十分谢谢与希望您可以保留一下版权声明。
如果您仍然想删除的话 能否只保留第一项呢？即 "Theme Material"
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